Steam-generator



(No Model.)

1 Sheets-Sheet 1. C. E. WAKBMAN.

STEAM GENERATOR. l

Patented Mar. 17, 1896.

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ANDREW BLRAMAM Pn (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

C. E. WAKBMAN. STEAM GENERATOR.

No. 556,599. Patented Mar. 1'7, 1896,

/TVESSES y 17M faam/rv ANDREW BGRAIIAM. PHUTOUTNDMASHINGTON. n.c

UNITED STATES Frrcn.

PATENT STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 556,599, dated March17, 1896.

Application iiled January 6, 1894.

I all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, CHARLES E. WAKEMAN,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Pontiac, county of Oakland,State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inSteam-Generators; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of thisspecification.

This invention relates to steam-generators, and has for its objectimprovements in that class of steam-generators in which the surfaceexposed to heat is increased by making it in the form of tubes thatproject into the fire-box and between which the fire and heated productsof combustion pass on their way from the grate to the chimney.

In general terms the invention comprises a large tank or boiler in'whichis contained an abundant supply of water, and below this tank or boilerconnected with it are two or more batteries of tubes lying nearlyhorizontal in the furnace, one of the batteries being located above thegrate in front of the bridgewall and the other being located behind thebridge-wall and above the passage-way leading to the chimney. Each ofthe batteries is in communication with the boiler above it, but isseparated from the boiler by a partition made of incombustible matter ofa highly refractory nature located above the flue-batteries, but spacedfrom the boiler above it, so that between the partition and the boilerabove is a passage-Way for the heated matters from the replace.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevavation of the boiler, thelocation of the bridgewall and partition and grate being indicated orshown in section and a part of the iiuebattery being broken away to showthe interior construction. Fig. 2 is a section across the boiler andfurnace at the line ,r :1; of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of theboiler and furnace.

A indicates the upper boiler, which may be considered as a storage-tankfor water and a steam-drum.

B and B' indicate the batteries of tubes.

C and O indicate the short cylindrical Serial No. L95,916. (No model.)

d tanks which support the iixed ends of the tubes, and from which thetubes project into 1 the fire-box. D D' E E indicate short tubesconnecting the boiler A with the tank O O.

The upper boiler A is a simple cylindrical drum with heads properlysecured in it and provided with a suitable manhole H. The 6o drum ortank C is a short tube with heads properly secured in it and dividedinto two parts by a Vpartition a, about midway between two heads b and cand between the two tubes D and D', which connect it with the upper 65boiler A.

From the head c spring a number of small tubes T T, reaching inwardtoward the middle of the fireplace, or a line dropped from the middle ofthe boiler A, and closed at their 7o inner end near the bridge-wall.These tubes are secured in the head c in any approved way, so as to besecured strongly and in a steam-tight manner. From the partition aspring an equal number of tubes t, of external diameter somewhat smallerthan the internal diameter of the tubes T. These tubes t extend inwardtoward the middle line of the fireplace and lie within the interior ofthe tubes T. These tubes t are firmly secured in 8o the partition d, andthere is an opening into them from the space F.

The inner ends of the tubes t extend nearly to the inner ends of thetubes T, and are also open, so that there is a free passage-way forwater from the space F through the tubes to the inner ends of the tubesT and back through the tubes T on the outside of the tubes t to thespace G.' There is also a free passageway from the upper boiler Athrough the 9o tubes D to the space F and from the space G through thetube D to the upper boiler A. The large exposed surface of the tubes Tin the lire-box heats the water in those tubes, and heats the water onthe outside of the tube t faster, or before the heat reaches theinterior of the tube t, and the water external to the tube t constantlytends to escape into the space G and to be replaced by colder waterdropping from the upper boiler through D, roo the space F, and passingthrough the interior of the smaller tube, thus producing a constantcirculation of water in the boiler.

The inner ends of each battery of tubes B and B are slightly raisedabove the outer ends, and the circulation of water washes anyaccumulation of mud or scale down the ineline into the space G, whenceit can be readily removed.

L indicates the grate of the fire-box, and K a bridge-wall which compelsthe heated products of combustion to pass up through the battery B, downthrough the battery B', under the box part C of the boiler, whence itpasses up over the partition M, underneath the upper boiler A, andescapes by a chimney at the front end or grate end of the boiler.

Generally the inner ends of the batteries B B will be held up in placeby the strength of the materials; but if the tubes T are made long itmay be necessary to support the inner ends with a spider.

That I claim isl. In a steam-generator, the combination of an upperboiler, water-legs depending therefrom at either end, a battery ofdouble concentric tubes as described extending from cach of saidwater-legs toward the center of the boiler, a bridge-wall separatingsaid batteries, with an opening above said wall, a longitudinal shieldunderneath said boiler and extending its entire length, a furnaceunderneath one of said batteries of tubes, smokepassages through saidwater-legs communt eating above said shield, whereby the heated gasesare passed from said furnace upward through one battery of tubes oversaid bridgewall, downward through the second battery of tubes underneaththe opposite water-leg, and return through the smoke-passages underneathsaid boiler-shell, substantially as described.

2. In a steam-generator, the combination of an upper boiler, shortboilers with batteries of tubes located below and spaced from said upperboiler, short tubes connecting said short boilers with said upperboiler, a division-wallV arranged to entirely separate the upper boilerand batteries of tubes, whereby products of combustion are forced topass through the batteries of tubes and to return under the upperboiler, substantially as described.

In a steam-generator, the combination with a boiler, dependentwater-legs at each end of said boiler, nests of concentric double tubesextending from said water-legs toward each other, and having their innerends terminate at, or near a plane, midway between said waterlegs,abridge-wall arranged to partially separate the inner ends of saidnests, a furnace underneath one of said water-legs and nests of tubes,and means compelling a return of the heated gases through passagesextending through and between said water legs in said boiler,substantially as described.

4. ln a steam-generator, the combination of a boiler, dependentwater-legs at either end thereof connected to said boiler by amultiplicity of narrow necks with spaces between the same, a battery ofconcentric tubes projecting from the interior faces of said waterlegstoward each other, a bridge-wall partially separating said batteries, afurnace underneath one of said batteries and water-legs, meanscompelling the circulation of the heated gases downwardly through theopposite battery and underneath the opposite water-leg, and meanscompelling a return oi said gases between the passages and around thenecks connecting said boiler and waterlegs, substantially as described.

ln testimony whereof l sign this speeilieation in the presence of twowitnesses.

CHARLES E. VAKEMAN.

Vitnesses:

CHARLES F. BURTON, FRANCES CLoUeI-i.

